Nursing Situation (evidence-Based) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nursing Situation (evidence-Based) - Assignment Example It was a devastating experience for the entire team and the patient since it altered his life. It damaged the reputation of the health facility after the patient filed a legal suit, causing financial loss and needless suffering and pain. On further review of the cause of the incident, it was noted that the patient’s test results had been mixed up, there were incorrect markings, there was poor communication between the nurses and the doctors, poor teamwork, and there was miscommunication on whether it is the patient’s right or left limb that was to be amputated. Consequently, the jury found the facility liable of negligence and was heavily fined. The ECRI Institute (2008) affirms that some of the major intervention measures that should be prioritised in order to avoid erroneous operations are the utilization of scheduling forms, ensuring that the entire team has verified a patient’s information prior to the procedure, making sure that the nurses or physicians selected have performed the right site marking, and using time check-outs. A culture of effective and open communication between the nurses and the patients, as well as the OR team should be cultivated to help prevent future cases of wrong site surgeries. Moreover, team policies, procedures and dynamics that include having a comprehensive checklist is also critical in avoiding reoccurrences. This means that before commencing the procedure or entering the room, the hospital and the entire team should check if they are operating the right person, if they are conducting the right procedure, and whether they are doing it on the right side or part of the body. The OR nurses should also practice patience with the patients when asking them questions with regard to their operation. It is also important to offer perioperative nurses with sound information on wrong site surgeries to enhance patients’ health and safety. Additionally,

Holocaust Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Holocaust - Essay Example 2 Even prior to the burst of the World War II, Nuremberg Law was ratified. On the one hand, the Nazis also subjected to slave labor and tortured to death the inmates seized in concentration camps. 2. Causes of the Holocaust What had made the Nazis to commit the Holocaust or the persecution of the approximately six million Jews was their discrimination and hatred against Jews or a phenomenon also known as anti – Semitism. The fundamental impetus for this disturbing massacre was only ideological. The Nazis had envisioned a world where the Jews would rule the world in which this was contradictory to the Aryan quest. They massacred millions of Jews as they regarded the Jews to be inferior to the Germans’ â€Å"supposedly† superiority. They killed these Jews because of the Nazi racial propaganda. 3. Pre-Holocaust German Culture and History The advent of the Volkisch movement in Germany and Austria – Hungary marked the second half of the 19th century. The anti à ¢â‚¬â€œ Jewish sentiments were so apparent. ... , that the it was pressed by Alldeutscher Verband to strip of their German citizenship all the German Jews and just be regarded of having an alien status.5 In addition to that, Class also called for the Jews to be singled out in all aspects of German life. Jews should not be permitted to own any land.6 For Class, they should not even embrace a public office or be engaged in banking, journalism and other professions of liberal nature where they could voice out their point of views.7 It was a total urge for anti - Semitism. 4. The Targeted Victims of the Holocaust The main victims of the Holocaust were the Jews residing in Europe. Hitler's Nazi regime massacred two - thirds of the nine million European Jews population. Nonetheless, it is of importance to note that during the Holocaust, the Jews were not only the segment affected. In fact, the Nazis also annihilated five hundred million Gypsies. Apart from that, there were more than three million Soviet prisoners of war who were killed. The mentally challenged and physically disabled individuals also were subject to killings. Under the Nazi rule, those undesirable to them including the Communists, Social Democrats, Polish intelligentsia, members of the trade unions, partisans, Jehovah's Witnesses, homosexuals and others were subject to persecution. Selection of Jews located at Auschwitz-II (Birkenau) in year 1944 It is also the case that the children were also victimized by the Nazis. They were also subject to death. Though the total number of children killed in this period was not known, an estimate as high as one and a half million children were believed to be murder. 8 5. Germany’s Responsibility of the Final Solution In 1930s, the world outside Nazi Europe had been aware of the persecution of Jews and the situation

Legislations health and social care Essay Example for Free

Legislations health and social care Essay Health and safety: It’s important for everyone to be in a safe environment so they can do daily tasks without feeling scared and uncomfortable of something will happen to them for certain so that’s why in every health care setting the health and safety at work act 1974 has been introduced so they can safe guard vulnerable patients in their care. Providers in health care settings need to provide some of the following services to ensure that the service users and the employees themselves are safe when working for example: They need to provide and maintain safety when using equipment’s Provide a safe place of employment Ensure equipment is used safely, stored and delivered from one place to another. Provide a safe place to feel safe and welcomed at all times Look after the health and safety of others. Food standard regulation: The food standard regulation is one of the most important legislation in a health care setting because most hospitals, care homes, schools etc all serve food and it needs to be in a good standard for the service users to eat it without becoming violently ill for example poor hygiene can result to abnormality of different foods compared to the others which can make the person ill. For the service uses to eat without becoming ill this legislations helps guide the workers to do some of the following The controls include: Premises are clean and in a good state of repair Good drainage, lighting and ventilation Sufficient waste disposal facilities Toilet facilities for staff Equipment is in good condition and kept clean Also another guideline they should follow would be the temperature of the food needs to be monitored in order for the food to be served without any  complications and here is the temperature guideline for the foods being stored in specific places: It is an offence to allow food to be kept at temperatures that would cause a risk to health, so you must make sure foods that need temperature control are kept at the right temperature. Foods that need to be kept hot should be kept at 63 °C or above Foods that need to be kept cold should be kept at 8 °C or below (preferably at 5 °C or below) Foods that need to be kept frozen should be kept between -18 °C to -24 °C Manual handling regulations Manual handling regulations is a legislation that was introduced in 1992 for the safety of the people who handle equipment for example people who work in an industry will carry equipment’s and for that reason this legislation was introduced so the people can handle equipment safely without injuring themselves. It was found by a survey that 3 out of 5 people suffered a common injury known as musculoskeletal injury which caused many people to hurt themselves badly and some still haven’t recovered from it. This legislation avoids people lifting something that their body is unable to do, also avoids hazardous manual handling. This is what the employees follow: Use equipment safely according to instructions and training, immediately reporting any defects to their line manager/supervisors. Check each item of manual handling equipment is in safe working order before use

SWOT, PEST, Product Lifecycle, Boston Matrix and the Ansoff Matrix: Mar

SWOT, PEST, Product Lifecycle, Boston Matrix and the Ansoff Matrix: Marketing Models Analysis Marketing strategies/models In this objective I will be analysing the different marketing models and evaluating their reliability. The marketing models I will evaluate will be SWOT and PEST analysis, the product life cycle, the Boston Matrix and the Ansoff Matrix. SWOT and PEST analysis In the previous objective, I analysed SWOT and PEST of Cadbury. These enabled me to gain insight into the external and internal influences that may arise which may either be beneficial or cause problems for the launch of my product. Product life cycle The product life cycle shows the sales of a product over time. To be able to market a product, Cadbury must be aware of the product life cycle of its products. The cycle can be demonstrated as below: Introduction Following planning and development, the product is introduced onto the market. This stage includes characteristics such as: Low initial sales, due to limited knowledge and no consumer loyalty Heavy promotion to build brand image and consumer confidence Losses (low profits at best) due to heavy development and promotion costs Limited distribution levels, but high stockholding for the manufacturer Growth At this stage, consumer knowledge and loyalty has grown, and the company increases sales and begins to make profits. There may be a growing number of competitors who may introduce similar products or adapt their price and promotion policies. Maturity The maturity phase is where the profits and sales reach their peak. Profits are being maximised, but the firm has to fight to defend its market position. Sales are maintained by promotion, customer loyalty and product differentiation through alternations such as new packaging. At the end of this stage, the market becomes saturated. Decline This stage is where total sales fall for the company. To make up for this, the company may reduce prices, cutting into its profit margin. This is the end of the product and its life cycle. The table below shows examples of where some of Cadbury’s products lie in the product life cycle. Stage Example Introduction Snaps Growth Under 99 calorie range (Dairy milk) Maturity Dairy Milk, Twirl, Flake Decline Fuse The table shows that most of Cadburys products ... ... to get new people to try the product and existing customers to buy more. The company should therefore use market expansion. In the decline stage, the company should try to re-launch the product, which would be using product or market expansion. Market penetration could be used if a successful product was being re-launched to increase the company’s market share, but this would not work if the product were a dog. The marketing models can be influenced other factors and research. Cadbury’s competitors may affect the company’s use of the Ansoff Matrix. The model is used to analyse the strategic direction of a product, and if a product was placed in the market expansion, which has medium risk strategy, and competitors also released a similar product in this section, there will be a higher risk strategy, which will affect the product’s performance and position in both the Boston matrix and the product life cycle. My questionnaire told me there was a gap in the market for my product, and my SWOT analysis reinforced this. This then tells me that my product should do well as a question mark, in the introduction stage of the product life cycle and as product expansion. SWOT, PEST, Product Lifecycle, Boston Matrix and the Ansoff Matrix: Mar SWOT, PEST, Product Lifecycle, Boston Matrix and the Ansoff Matrix: Marketing Models Analysis Marketing strategies/models In this objective I will be analysing the different marketing models and evaluating their reliability. The marketing models I will evaluate will be SWOT and PEST analysis, the product life cycle, the Boston Matrix and the Ansoff Matrix. SWOT and PEST analysis In the previous objective, I analysed SWOT and PEST of Cadbury. These enabled me to gain insight into the external and internal influences that may arise which may either be beneficial or cause problems for the launch of my product. Product life cycle The product life cycle shows the sales of a product over time. To be able to market a product, Cadbury must be aware of the product life cycle of its products. The cycle can be demonstrated as below: Introduction Following planning and development, the product is introduced onto the market. This stage includes characteristics such as: Low initial sales, due to limited knowledge and no consumer loyalty Heavy promotion to build brand image and consumer confidence Losses (low profits at best) due to heavy development and promotion costs Limited distribution levels, but high stockholding for the manufacturer Growth At this stage, consumer knowledge and loyalty has grown, and the company increases sales and begins to make profits. There may be a growing number of competitors who may introduce similar products or adapt their price and promotion policies. Maturity The maturity phase is where the profits and sales reach their peak. Profits are being maximised, but the firm has to fight to defend its market position. Sales are maintained by promotion, customer loyalty and product differentiation through alternations such as new packaging. At the end of this stage, the market becomes saturated. Decline This stage is where total sales fall for the company. To make up for this, the company may reduce prices, cutting into its profit margin. This is the end of the product and its life cycle. The table below shows examples of where some of Cadbury’s products lie in the product life cycle. Stage Example Introduction Snaps Growth Under 99 calorie range (Dairy milk) Maturity Dairy Milk, Twirl, Flake Decline Fuse The table shows that most of Cadburys products ... ... to get new people to try the product and existing customers to buy more. The company should therefore use market expansion. In the decline stage, the company should try to re-launch the product, which would be using product or market expansion. Market penetration could be used if a successful product was being re-launched to increase the company’s market share, but this would not work if the product were a dog. The marketing models can be influenced other factors and research. Cadbury’s competitors may affect the company’s use of the Ansoff Matrix. The model is used to analyse the strategic direction of a product, and if a product was placed in the market expansion, which has medium risk strategy, and competitors also released a similar product in this section, there will be a higher risk strategy, which will affect the product’s performance and position in both the Boston matrix and the product life cycle. My questionnaire told me there was a gap in the market for my product, and my SWOT analysis reinforced this. This then tells me that my product should do well as a question mark, in the introduction stage of the product life cycle and as product expansion.

Feasibility Report Guide Essay

Intro– Samsung Electronics is based in Seoul, South Korea and operates in 65 countries worldwide with 157,000 people working for the company. Samsung Electronics products include semiconductors, hard drives, digital displays, home electronics, mobile phones, and others. All Samsung products have the same tone when the device is turned on, so that customers can easily get used to them and this tone is mentioned when Samsung products are being advertised as well. â€Å"Smarter Life† theme was introduced recently in Samsung that is based on the innovative approach in improving the company’s current products, and introducing new products to the market. For instance, Android-based Samsung Galaxy Player 50 is to be introduced soon, containing a range of innovative features the product is expected to change the current media players’ market condition significantly SWOT Samsung– Samsung Strength as Becoming a world known brand (over 200 countries) R&D (investing on scientific talents) Innovation (new digital technology) Customization (new products every year) New allocation of marketing resources (M-Net). Samsung enjoys the widest range of product portfolio which includes : Mobile phones Tablet TV/Audio/Video,Camera,camcorder, Home appliance Pc‟s,Laptop, peripherals, printer, memory cards and Well diversified and differentiated product line toother accessories meet changing customer needs . Samsung electronics has 4business areas to cover customer electronics needs. Practice the good leadershipBrand value through multiple sponsorships High market share that continues to growtheory (Mobile Phones and Design with an attractive styling that interestsmemory chip)and LCD the customer, as the result of the development of Samsung‟s new products that involve team of product designers. product variation Samsung’s Opportunities unique products and existing products introduce userwith variety friendly mobile phones could launch sub brandsat affordable price. to the company. Samsung’s Opportunities O open more stores â€Å"Newmore customers O Launch creative products Technology,† â€Å"Innovative Products,† and â€Å"Creative Solutions. Weakness–Aver age pr i ces of pr oduct s seem t o bea l ow qual i t y pr oduct s-Not pr o-act i ve intro oduci ng a newpr oduct s. low cost competitors in China2. legal war between Samsung and its competitors such as Apple & nokia. Threads–Low-cost competitors Samsung is facing threats from many other low cost companies in China. While Samsung was busy competing with others, Huawei a company which focus on low cost products; is now a leader in fixed-line networks, mobile-telecommunications networks, and budget smart phones. Market share- Samsung Mobile eyeing 60% marketshare in India. The Indian mobile handset market is estimated to reach 251 million units in 2013, an increase of 13.5% over this year. The threat of potential new entrants (Low)- New entrants would have issues with overcoming patent issues if they didn’t plan on investing in their own R&D to create a unique product. These things together would require a new entrant to establish a competitive brand name while achieving economies of scale via investments in a supply chain process and developing a distribution infrastructure to remain competitive. The costs of accomplishing these things make a very strong barrier to entry. The threat of substitutes (High) Market share-Holding a revenue market share of 20.6%, Vodafone India is the country’s second largest telecom operator by revenue share after Bharti. Strengths: * Diversified geographical portfolio with strong mobile telecommunications operations in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia Pacific and to some extent the US * Network infrastructure   * Leading presence in emerging markets such as India Weaknesses: * Little focus of impact of mobile on climate.   * Negative return on assets (ROA) under perform key competitors like AT&T, Airtel, Uninor etc * US business not nearly as strong as European/rest of the world operations * 80% of its business is generated in Europe. Opportunities: * Improve accessibility to wide range of customers * Focus on cost reductions improving returns * Majority stake in Hutchison Essar in India * Research and development of new mobile technologies Threats: * Highly competitive market * Still lags behind major competitors in the India and other countries. * Extremely high Porter’s five forces Buyer power The bargaining power of buyers in the telecommunications industry is high due to the cutthroat competition and lack of differentiated products. The strong buyer power effectively reduces the cost prices in the industry though not to the level of its competitors. As such, Vodafone will keep making reasonable profits compared to its competitors. Supplier power Vodafone’s suppliers have a high bargaining power since the company operates with greater margins compared to its competitors. As a leader in the market, the market share is large meaning that it can easily absorb any price increments from the suppliers more than its competitors can. As such, Vodafone can easily maintain low prices from its suppliers and continue making profits (MarketLine, 2012, p. 9). Threat of substitutes Vodafone faces a considerable threat for products and services. The landline and CDMA services are fast declining while broadband services are fast becoming common. Video conferencing, VOPI such as Skype, Google Talk and Yahoo Messenger, email and social networking have emerged as substitutes to mobile services. However, due to the strong buyer power and effective economies of scale, Vodafone does not need to pass down the costs attributed to substitution to consumers (MarketLine, 2012, p. 8). Threat of entrants The threat of fresh market entrants is low because of barriers to entry. Companies wishing to enter the market must pay huge licensing fees coupled by spectrum availability and regulatory issues attached to the industry. Similarly, the costs of setting up network infrastructure are high, and the rapidly changing technology make is difficult for new entrants to cope. However, Vodafone can cope with this by maintaining high-level efficiency of its services to unrivaled heights. Industry rivalry Vodafone faces extremely high rivalry from its competitors due to the low call rate prices charged by its closest competitors. Similarly, the competitors constantly provide innovative products and services to the customers, which mean that Vodafone has to provide the same to its customers. Vodafone PEST Analysis. PEST analysis is a strategic tool used to analyse external factors affecting the business and stands for political, economical social and technological factors. The main political factors affecting Vodafone include EU Roaming Regulation that aims to decrease charges for mobile phone usages Economical factors also affect Vodafone main of which are the growth of GDP and the level of inflation rate within markets where the company operates. Generally any external economic changes affecting Vodafone can be classified as external economic factors. There is a range of social factors as well that affect Vodafone. For instance, changing work patterns that are becoming very popular make people work from home increasingly relying in communication technologies. Also, there are issues like people going ‘green’ and ageing population in developed countries that are going to affect Vodafone directly or indirectly. The impact of technological factors on Vodafone is without any doubt due to the nature of the telecommunications industry. Specifically, a technological innovation in communications and emergence of alternative means of communication such as online chatting, and Yahoo! Messenger are going to affect Vodafone strategy in a way that the company is left with a choice of either to form strategic alliances with above companies or to commit to considerable amount of research and development in order to introduce innovative products and services to the market.

Feminism in Angela Carters The Company Of Wolves Free Essay Example, 1750 words

In literature, the discipline is concerned with marginalization of female writers from the common literary canon: unless the aspect being viewed is feminist, women writers are usually under-represented. To air their grievances, most women write their literatures based on the heroic achievements they can make if provided with a favorable platform. As a female writer, Angela Carter manifests her feminism in her different narratives. Bomarito, Jessica, and Jeffrey W. Hunter. Feminism in literature: a Gale critical companion. Detroit: Thomson Gale, 2005. As per Cornelia, Carter starts with some framework after the wolves, providing a stunning narrative of their appearance and a narration of villagers/wolf conflict. The heartbreaking and thus most entertaining anecdote is that of a lady whose first spouse leaves at night to help himself and never comes back other than after several years as a wolf-man. A new husband exterminates the returning old husband and on top beats up his wife for grieving her loss. Cornelia Koprivnik. The Notion of Gender in Angela Carters Short Story "The Company of Wolves" GRIN Verlag, 2011: 3-7 Carter depends on many dark and perilous descriptions for everything that threatens the wellbeing of the village. We will write a custom essay sample on Feminism in Angela Carters The Company Of Wolves or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now In one of her lines, she narrates â€Å"the woods closed ahead of her like the jaws of a wolf. † This clearly shows the imminent danger awaiting Red as soon as she leaves her mom’s house. Carter describes the wolves as perpetually ferocious and satanic creatures regardless of previously being men. Their eyes are generally a central point: â€Å"At night, the eyes of wolves glow like flaming candles, reddish, yellowish, the reason is that their pupils enlarge at night and trap the light from your lamp to blaze it back in a sign of danger-red; if the beast’s eyes echo only moonlight, in that case they glimmer a cold† Red is able to defeat the wolf alone through her seduction and has doomed him to a lifestyle of wolf-hood by blazing his clothes- a curse to last for at least seven year. She ends up marrying the wolfish boy and acts weirdly by picking and eating his lice. The disagreement from her grandmother does not hinder her from consummating their marriage. Carter’s work is a pro-woman narrative with Red getting married to a wolf in order to subdue him and put him under her rule. Carter puts Red as the only girl who has taken an extraordinary step outwitting the wolfish male. Cornelia Koprivnik. The Notion of Gender in Angela Carters Short Story "The Company of Wolves" GRIN Verlag, 2011: 8.

Punishment as a form of behaviour modification Essay

Introduction Punishment is a process through which â€Å"the consequence of a response decreases the likelihood that the response will recur† (Gray, 2002, pp.115). Further, punishment can be seen as an effort to decrease the response rate to stimuli by either removing a desired stimulus or presenting one which is undesired (Gray, 2002). Recent studies suggest that punishment can be an effective method of behaviour modification. However, as reported in Lerman and Vorndran (2002), there are a number of limitations to punishment as an intervention and subsequent negative side effects. For this reason, certain principles upon which the implementation of a successful punishment is dependent must be adhered to. In accordance to these findings, this†¦show more content†¦For this reason, experimenters such as Skinner and Thorndike either chose not to resort to punishment or to implement relatively minor stimuli as punishers. These constrained techniques allowed for the eventual return of the performance that was being disciplined, once the punishment was discontinued. However due to the recent use of more intense punishers, proof of the effectiveness of punishment has emerged, thus reversing the prior negative conclusions (Lieberman, 2000). Certain case studies, as reported in Browning and Stover (1971), have incurred results to support the value of punishment in modifying behaviour. One particular subject, Heidi, was referred to a treatment centre having been diagnosed with childhood autism. Heidi experienced little improvement from the application of social reinforcers and so it was determined that punishment may deliver more favourable results. The main behaviour that was targeted was self-biting and the punishment used was an electric shock administered immediately upon display of this behaviour. Whilst some complications had to be overcome â€Å"it was noted that, in the first day in which the electro-shock apparatus was employed by the investigator in an experimental setting, the self-injurious and aggressive behaviours dropped out†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Browning amp; Stover, 1971, pp.208). Successful punishment techniques nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A relatively mild form of punishment, which is seen as one of the most effective in reducingShow MoreRelatedPunishment as a Form of Behaviour Modification2379 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction Punishment is a process through which the consequence of a response decreases the likelihood that the response will recur (Gray, 2002, pp.115). Further, punishment can be seen as an effort to decrease the response rate to stimuli by either removing a desired stimulus or presenting one which is undesired (Gray, 2002). Recent studies suggest that punishment can be an effective method of behaviour modification. 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